Compositions for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers comprising at least one fatty alcohol having more than twenty carbon atoms and at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5

ABSTRACT

Compositions for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair, comprising, in a dyeing medium, (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally at least one fatty alcohol having at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is less than or equal to 1:1. Processes comprising such oxidation dyeing compositions.

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for oxidationdyeing keratin fibres, in particular human keratin fibres such as hair,comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable dyeing medium, (1) at least oneoxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more thantwenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most1:1.

[0002] It is known to dye keratin fibers, for example human hair, withdyeing compositions comprising oxidation dye precursors, generallycalled “oxidation bases.” Representative oxidation bases include ortho-and para-phenylenediamines, ortho- and para-aminophenols, andheterocyclic bases.

[0003] Oxidation dye precursors are compounds initially only slightlycoloured or not coloured which develop their dyeing power in the hair inthe presence of oxidizing agents, leading to the formation of colouredcompounds. The formation of these coloured compounds results either fromoxidative condensation of the “oxidation bases” with themselves, oroxidative condensation of the “oxidation bases” with colour modifyingcompounds, or “couplers”, which are generally present in the dyeingcompositions used in oxidation dyeing and are represented moreparticularly by meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols andmeta-diphenols, and certain heterocyclic compounds.

[0004] The variety of compositions that can be employed in oxidationcoloration, chosen from oxidation bases, oxidation couplers and mixturesof oxidation bases and couplers, can contribute to a pallet very rich incolor.

[0005] A dyeing product should be able to be confined upon applicationto the hair so that, on the one hand, it does not run over the face oroutside the areas which it is desired to dye, and, on the other hand, auniform and regular coloration may be obtained on the hair as a whole.Compositions comprising oxidation dye(s) prior to combining with anoxidizing agent should also be stable over time, such as, for example,from the rheological point of view.

[0006] Traditional thickeners, which can provide a gelling effect whendiluted by water and/or surfactants, have been used conventionally tolocalize the dye product as applied on hair, so that the dye productdoes not touch the face or the area outside the area to be dyed. Suchthickeners, chosen as appropriate, for example include crosslinkedpolyacrylic acid, hydroxyethylcelluloses, certain polyurethanes, waxesor mixtures of nonionic surfactants having an HLB (HydrophilicLipophilic Balance).

[0007] However, the inventors have observed that the above-mentionedthickening systems may impede a result of intense and chromatic shadesof low selectivity and good fastness and a good cosmetic condition tothe treated hair. However, it has also been observed that theready-to-use dyeing compositions comprising known oxidation dye(s) andthickening systems tend to result in imprecise application of suchcompositions and/or a decrease in viscosity over time.

[0008] However, the inventors have observed that the abovementionedsystems do not make it possible to obtain intense and chromatic shadesof low selectivity and good fastness while offering good stability ofthe compositions, good ease of application leading to uniform andregular colorations of the hair and a good cosmetic condition to thetreated hair. However, it has also been observed that the ready-to-usedyeing compositions containing the oxidation dye(s), and the thickeningsystems of the prior art do not allow a sufficiently precise applicationwithout running or drops in viscosity over time.

[0009] The inventors have discovered that it is possible to obtainready-to-use oxidation dyeing compositions that resist running and tendto remain well-confined to the site of application. Additionally, suchcompositions may favor more intense and more chromatic (radiant) shades,while exhibiting low selectivities and good fastness toward chemicalagents (shampoo, permanent waving and the like) and/or natural agents(light, perspiration and the like), and while offering the hair goodcosmetic properties. The inventors have discovered that it is possibleto obtain at least one of the aforementioned characteristics byformulating a ready-to-use cosmetic dyeing composition comprising (1) atleast one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising morethan twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most1:1.

[0010] At least one of these discoveries forms the basis of the presentinvention.

[0011] The subject of the present invention is thus a cosmeticcomposition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers, such as human keratinfibers like hair, comprising, in a dyeing medium: (

[0012] 1) at least one oxidation dye;

[0013] (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbonatoms;

[0014] (3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprisingat most twenty carbon atoms;

[0015] (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLBgreater than 5; and

[0016] (5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactantwith an HLB at most equal to 5,

[0017] provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportionsuch that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1.

[0018] Another subject of the invention relates to a ready-to-usecosmetic composition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers comprising, ina dyeing medium, (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least oneoxidizing agent (3) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more thantwenty carbon atoms, (4) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (5) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (6)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most1:1. The term “ready-to-use composition” is understood to mean, for thepurposes of the present invention, a composition intended to be appliedimmediately to the keratin fibers, either stored as it is before use orobtained from the mixture of two or more compositions.

[0019] The invention also relates to a method for oxidation dyeingkeratin fibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair, comprising:

[0020] (i) applying to said keratin fibers at least one composition (A)comprising, in a dyeing medium, (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) atleast one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3)optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantwith an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least oneoxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that(2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weightratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1, and

[0021] (ii) developing a color with the aid of at least one composition(B) comprising at least one oxidizing agent, wherein said at least oneoxidizing composition (B) is combined at the time of use with said atleast one composition (A) or said at least one oxidizing composition (B)is applied sequentially to said at least one composition (A) withoutintermediate rinsing.

[0022] One embodiment of the invention relates to multicompartmentdyeing devices or “kits” for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers, such ashuman keratin fibers like hair.

[0023] A kit according to the invention comprises at least twocompartments, wherein:

[0024] a first compartment comprises:

[0025] (1) at least one oxidation dye;

[0026] (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbonatoms;

[0027] (3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprisingat most twenty carbon atoms;

[0028] (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLBgreater than 5; and

[0029] (5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactantwith an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) arepresent in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)]is at most 1:1; and

[0030] a second compartment comprises at least one oxidizing agent.

[0031] At Least One Fatty Alcohol Comprising more than 20 Carbon Atoms

[0032] The expression fatty alcohols includes, but is not limited to,fatty alcohols chosen from branched and unbranched, saturated andunsaturated fatty alcohols. The expression at least one (as used herein,“at least one” means one or more and thus includes mixtures andcombinations) fatty alcohol comprising more than 20 carbon atomsincludes, but is not limited to, fatty alcohols comprising more thantwenty carbon atoms, mixtures of fatty alcohols comprising at least 30%by weight of at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twentycarbon atoms, and mixtures of fatty alcohols comprising more than 30% byweight of at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbonatoms. In one embodiment the fatty alcohol is a pure alcohol, i.e., asingle fatty alcohol comprising more than 20 carbon atoms.

[0033] Representative at least one fatty alcohol that can be usedaccording to the invention include for example behenyl alcohol anderucyl alcohol.

[0034] There may also be mentioned the commercial products NAFOL 18-22,NAFOL 18-22B, NAFOL 18-22 C, NAFOL 20+, NAFOL 20-22, and NACOL 22-98from the company CONDEA, the commercial product CRODACID PG 3220 fromthe company CRODA, and the commercial product EDENOR U 122 from thecompany HENKEL.

[0035] The at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbonatoms may be present in an amount ranging for example from 0.01% to 30%by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, such as from0.05% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition,and further such as from 0.1% to 15% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

[0036] The composition according to the invention may also comprise atleast one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms.Representative fatty alcohols comprising at most twenty carbon atomsthat may be used include lauryl, cetyl, stearyl and oleyl alcohols.These additional fatty alcohols may be present in an amount generallyranging for example up to 20% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

[0037] Surfactants

[0038] The HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) of the surfactant(s)used according to the invention is the HLB according to GRIFFIN definedin the publication J. Soc. Cosm. Chem. 1954 (Volume 5), pages 249-256,the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, or the HLBdetermined experimentally and as defined in the manual by the authors F.PUISIEUX and M. SEILLER entitled “GALENICA 5: Les systèmes dispersés[Dispersed systems]—Volume 1—Agents de surface et émulsions [Surfactantsand emulsions]—Chapter IV—Notions de HLB et de HLB critique [Basics ofHLB and critical HLB], pages 153-194-paragraph 1.1.2, Determination ofHLB by the experimental route, pages 164-180, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

[0039] As used herein, the expression “oxyalkylenated nonionicsurfactants” is understood, for the purposes of the present invention,to mean nonionic surfactants which comprise at least one group chosenfrom —CH₂—CH₂—Q—, —CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—Q—, and CH₂—CH(CH₃)—O—.

[0040] (i) At Least One Oxyalkylenated Nonionic Surfactants with an HLBGreater than 5

[0041] Representative at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantswith an HLB greater than 5 include, for example:

[0042] oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising more than 2 mol of EO,

[0043] EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio in numerical terms is lessthan 0.71:1,

[0044] oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising more than 5 mol of EO,

[0045] oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising more than 2 mol of EO,

[0046] esters of fatty acids and of polyethylene glycols, and

[0047] polyoxyethylenated esters of fatty acids and of sorbitol.

[0048] For example, the at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantwith an HLB greater than 5 includes the following commercialembodiments: Imbentin POA/024 (HLB = 5.5) (ICl) Synperonic PE L92 (HLB =5.5) (ICl) Mergital LM2 (HLB = 5.8) (HENKEL) Atlas G-70140 (HLB = 6)(ICl) Imbentin. AG/124S/020 (HLB = 6) (KOLB) Imbentin. L/125/025 (HLB =6) (KOLB) Simulsol 989 (HLB = 6) (SEPPIC) Soprophor HR10 (HLB = 6)(RHONE POULENC) Kotilen O/1/050 (HLB = 6.2) (KOLB) Croduret 10 (HLB =6.3) (CRODA) Etocas 10 (HLB = 6.3) (CRODA) Imbentin OA/030 (HLB = 6.3)(KOLB) Soprophor 208 (HLB = 6.9) (RHONE POULENC) Ethylan 172 (HLB = 7)(HARCROS) Akyporox NP 40 (HLB = 7.1) (CHEM-Y) Polychol 5 (HLB = 7.3)(CRODA) Arlatone 985 (HLB = 7.5) (ICl Sandoxylate FOL4 (HLB = 7.5)(SANDOZ) Radiasurf 7453 (HLB = 7,8) (OLEOFINA) Prox-onic OA-1/04 (HLB =7.9) (PROTEX) Prox-onic TD-1/03 (HLB = 7.9) (PROTEX) Genapol PF 40 (HLB= 8) (HOECHST) PGE-400-DS (HLB = 8) (HEFTI) PGE-400-DO (HLB = 8) (HEFTI)Sapogenat 6-040 (HLB = 8) (HOECHST) Intrasol FA28/50/4 (HLB = 8.1)(STOCKHAUSEN) Serdox NOG 200 S (HLB = 8.5) (SERVO) Berol 26 (HLB = 8.9)(BEROL NOBEL) Genapol O-050 (HLB = 9) (HOECHST) Prox-onic LA-1/04 (HLB =9.2) (PROTEX) Eumulgin O5 (HLB = 9.5) (HENKEL) Etocas 20 (HLB = 9,6)(CRODA) Antarox CO 520 (HLB = 10) (RHONE POULENC) Imbentin POA/060 (HLB= 10) (KOLB) TO-55-EL (HLB = 10) (HEFTI) Atlas G-1086 (HLB = 10.2) (ICl)Atlox 4878B (HLB = 10.5) (ICl) Berol 059 (HLB = 10.5) (BEROL NOBEL)Kessco PEG 600 (HLB = 10.5) (AKZO) Dilaurate Mergital LT6 (HLB = 10.6)(HENKEL) Polychol 10 (HLB = 10,7) (CRODA) Prox-onic HR-025 (HLB = 10.8)(PROTEX) Tebenal NP6 (HLB = 10.9) (BOHME) Cremophor A6 (HLB = 11) (BASF)Genapol O-080 (HLB = 11) (HOECHST) Genapol T-080 (HLB = 11) (HOECHST)Kotilen-O/3 (HLB = 11) (KOLB) Lutensol AP 7 (HLB = 11) (BASF) Tween 85(HLB = 11) (ICl) Tebecid S8 (HLB = 11.2) (BOHME) Berol 047 (HLB = 11.4)(BEROL NOBEL) Soprophor 860P (HLB = 11.4) (RHONE POULENC) Dobanol 45-7(HLB = 11.6) (SHELL) Prox-onic HR-030 (HLB = 11.7) (PROTEX) Ethonic1214-6.5 (HLB = 11.8) (ETHYL) Prox-onic OA-1/09 (HLB = 11.9) (PROTEX)Cremophor S9 (HLB = 12) (BASF) Imbentin AG/128/080 (HLB = 12) (KOLB)Serdox NOG 440 (HLB = 12) (SERVO) Softanol 70 (HLB = 12.1) (B.PCHEMICALS) Renex 707 (HLB = 12.2) (ICl) Simulsol 830 NP (HLB = 12.3)(SEPPIC) Brij 76 (HLB = 12.4) (ICl) Tebenal T10 (HLB = 12.4) (BOHME)Volpo S-10 (HLB = 12.4) (CRODA) Eumulgin O10 (HLB = 12.5) (HENKEL) Berol199 (HLB = 12.6) (BEROL NOBEL) Triton N-87 (HLB 12.6) (ROHM AND HAAS)Polychol 15 (HLB = 12.7) (CRODA) Brij 56 (HLB = 12.9) (ICl) Simulsol 56(HLB = 12.9) (SEPPIC) Cremophor A11 (HLB = 13) (BASF) Eumulgin 286 (HLB= 13) (HENKEL) Genapol T-110 (HLB = 13) (HOECHST) Sandoxylate FOL12 (HLB= 13) (SANDOZ) Bio soft HR 40 (HLB = 13.1) (STEPAN) Berol 046 (HLB =13.5) (BEROL NOBEL) Eumulgin B1 (HLB = 13.5) (HENKEL) Dobanol 45-11 (HLB= 13.7) (SHELL) Aqualose W20 (HLB = 14) (WESTBROCK LANOLIN) Ethylan DP(HLB = 14) (HARCROS) Mergital OC12 (HLB = 14) (HENKEL) Simulsol 1230 NP(HLB = 14) (SEPPIC) Tagat R1 (HLB = 14) (GOLDSCHMIDT) Tagat I2 (HLB =14.2) (GOLDSCHMIDT) Tebecid RM20 (HLB = 14.4) (BOHME) ImbentinAG/168/150 (HLB = 14.5) (KOLB) Prox-onic LA-1/012 (HLB = 14.5) (PROTEX)Etocas 60 (HLB = 14.7) (CRODA) Radiasurf 7157 (HLB = 14.9) (OLEOFINA)Genapol T-180 (HLB = 15) (HOECHST) Montanox 80 (HLB = 15) (SEPPIC)Serdox NJAD 20 (HLB = 15) (SERVO) Tagat R60 (HLB = 15) (GOLDSCHMIDT)Berol 278 (HLB = 15.2) (BEROL NOBEL) Brij 78 (HLB = 15.3) (ICl) Simulsol98 (HLB = 15,3) (SEPPIC) Montanox 40 (HLB 15.6) (SEPPIC) Brij 56 (HLB =15.7) (ICl) Aqualose L75 (HLB = 16) (WESTBROCK LANOLIN) Atlas G-1471(HLB = 16) (ICl) Berol 281 (HLB = 16) (BEROL NOBEL) Berol 292 (HLB = 16)(BEROL NOBEL) Nafolox 20-22 30OE (HLB = 16) (CONDEA) Genapol C-200 (HLB= 16) (HOECHST) Myrj 51 (HLB = 16) (ICl) Simulsol PS 20 (HLB = 16)(SEPPIC) Tergitol 15 S 20 (HLB 16.3) (UNION CARBIDE) Synperonic PE P75(HLB = 16.5) (ICl) Montanox 20 (HLB = 16.7) (SEPPIC) Myrjj 52 (HLB =16.9) (ICl) Simulsol 3030 NP (HLB = 17) (SEPPIC) Imbentin AG/168/400(HLB = 17.5) (KOLB) Rhodia Surf NP40 (HLB = 17.7) (RHONE POULENC)Incropol CS-50 (HLB = 17.9) (CRODA) Servirox OEG 90/50 (HLB = 18)(SERVO) Prox-onic HR-0200 (HLB = 18.1) (PROTEX) Berol 243 (HLB = 18.2)(BEROL NOBEL) Imbentin N/600 (HLB = 18.5) (KOLB) Antarox CO 980 (HLB =18.7) (RHONE POULENC) Antarox CO 987 (HLB = 18.7) (RHONE POULENC) Berol08 (HLB = 18.7) (BEROL NOBEL) Brij 700 (HLB = 18.8) (ICl) Prox-onicNP-0100 (HLB = 19) (PROTEX) Rs-55-100 (HLB = 19) (HEFTI) ImbentinAG/168S/950 (HLB = 20) (KOLB) Synperonic PE F87 (HLB = 24) (ICl)Alkasurf BA-PE80 (HLB = 26.1) (RHONE POULENC) Synperonic PE F38 (HLB =30.5) (ICl)

[0049] The at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLBgreater than 5 may be present in an amount ranging for example from 0.1%to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, suchas from 0.5% to 25% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, and further such as from 1% to 20% by weight relative tothe total weight of the composition.

[0050] (i) At Least One Oxyalkylenated Nonionic Surfactant with an HLBat Most Equal to 5

[0051] Representative examples of at least one oxyalkylenated nonionicsurfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 include:

[0052] oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising at most 2 mol of EO,

[0053] EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio is greater than 0.71:1,

[0054] oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising at most 5 mol of EO, and

[0055] oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising at most 2 mol of EO.

[0056] For example, the at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantincludes the following commercial embodiments: Synperonic PE L121 (HLB =0.5) ICl Prox-Onic EP 4060-1 (HLB = 1) PROTEX Synperonic PE L101 (HLB= 1) ICl Etocas 29 (HLB = 1.7) CRODA Genapol PF 10 (HLB = 2) HOECHSTSynperonic PE L81 (HLB = 2) ICl Prox-Onic EP 1090-1 (HLB = 3) PROTEXSinnopal DPN2 (HLB = 33) HENKEL Antarox CA 210 (HLB = 3.5) RHONE-POULENCAlkasurf OP11 (HLB = 3.6) RHONE-PQULENC Triton X15 (HLB = 3.6) ROHM etHAAS Alkasurf OP1 (HLB = 3.6) RHONE-POULENC Arlacel 121 (HLB = 3.8) IClProx-Onic HR or HRH-05 (HLB = 3.8) PROTEX Etocas 5 (HLB = 3.9) HOECHSTGenapol PF20 (HLB = 4) HOECHST Imbentin N/7 A (HLB = 4) KOLB SynperonicPE L122 (HLB = 4) ICl Ethylan NP1 (HLB = 4.5) HARCROS Imbentin N/020(HLB = 4.5) KOLB Kotilen 0/3/020 (HLB = 4.5) KOLB Synperonic PE L31 (HLB= 4.5) ICl TO-55-A (HLB = 4.5) HEFTI Alkasurf NP-1 (HLB = 4.6)RHONE-POULENC Antarox CO 210 (HLB = 4.6) RHONE-POULENC Prox-Onic NP-1(HLB = 4.6) PROTEX Rhodiasurf NP2 (HLB = 4.6) RHONE-POULENC SoprophorBC2 (HLB = 4.6) RHONE-POULENC Triton N17 (HLB = 4.6) ROHM et HAASAkyporox NP15 (HLB = 4.7) CHEM-Y Texofor M2 (HLB = 4.8) RHONE-POULENCAlkasurf SA2 (HLB = 4.9) RHONE-POULENC Arlacel 989 (HLB = 4.9) ICl Brij72 (HLB = 4.9) ICl Brij 92 (HLB = 4.9) ICl Brij 93 (HLB = 4.9) IClProx-Onic SA-1 or 2/02 (HLB = 4.9) PROTEX Simulsol 72 (HLB = 4.9) SEPPICSimulsol 92 (HLB = 4.9) SEPPIC Volpo S-2 (HLB = 4.9) CRODA Arlacel 581(HLB = 5.0) ICl Arlacel 582 (HLB = 5.0) ICl Genapol O-020 (HLB = 5.0)HOECHST Imbentin POA/020 (HLB = 5.0) KOLB Mergital Q2 (HLB = 5.0) HENKEL

[0057] If present, the at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantwith an HLB at most equal to 5 may be present in an amount generallyranging for example up 30% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as up to 10% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

[0058] Oxidation Dyes

[0059] The at least one oxidation dye which can be used according to thepresent invention is chosen from oxidation bases, and oxidationcouplers. In one embodiment, the compositions can comprise at least oneoxidation base.

[0060] The oxidation bases usable in the context of the presentinvention are chosen from those conventionally known as oxidation dyes.Representative oxidation dyes include ortho- and para-phenylenediamines,double bases, ortho- and para-aminophenols and heterocyclic bases aswell as their addition salts with an acid.

[0061] For example, the following oxidation bases may be used:

[0062] (I) para-phenylenediamines chosen from compounds of formula (I),and their acid addition salts:

[0063] wherein:

[0064] R₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with atleast one group chosen from nitrogen-containing groups, phenyl groupsand 4′-aminophenyl groups, and

[0065] R₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substitutedwith a nitrogen-containing group;

[0066] R₁ and R₂may also form, together with the nitrogen atom to whichthey are bonded, a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclering, optionally substituted with at least one group chosen from alkylgroups, hydroxyl groups and ureido groups;

[0067] R₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as chlorine, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, sulfo groups, carboxyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups, hydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyoxy) groups, acetylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups,mesylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, and carbamoylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy)groups;

[0068] R₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups.

[0069] Suitable nitrogen-containing groups of formula (I) above may, forexample, be chosen from amino, (C₁-C₄) monoalkylamino,(C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,imidazolinium, and ammonium groups.

[0070] Representative para-phenylenediamines of formula (I) above whichmay be used include para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2, 5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylaniline,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-chloroaniline,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-(ethyl-β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-methyl-1-N-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine and their acidaddition salts.

[0071] In other embodiments of the present invention,para-phenylenediamines of formula (I) above can, for example, be chosenfrom para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid addition salts.

[0072] According to the invention, “double bases” is understood to meanthe compounds comprising at least two aromatic rings on which at leastone functional group chosen from amino groups and hydroxyl groups arecarried.

[0073] (II) double bases chosen from compounds comprising at least twoaromatic rings substituted with at least one group chosen from amino andhydroxyl groups. Such double bases may be chosen from compounds offormula (II), and their acid addition salts:

[0074] wherein:

[0075] Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydroxyl groups, and —NH₂ groups, optionally substituted with agroup chosen from C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, and linkers Y;

[0076] linker Y is chosen from linear and branched, divalent alkylenegroups comprising from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by,or optionally terminating with, at least one entity chosen fromnitrogen-containing groups and heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur, andnitrogen, and optionally substituted with at least one group chosen fromhydroxyl groups, and C₁-C₆ alkoxy groups;

[0077] R₅and R₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, andlinkers Y;

[0078] R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, and R₁₂, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from hydrogen, linkers Y, and C₁-C₄ alkylgroups;

[0079] provided that said compounds of formula (II) comprise only onelinker Y per molecule.

[0080] Suitable nitrogen-containing groups of formula (II) includemono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, (C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium and ammonium groups.

[0081] Representative double bases of formula (II) includeN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.

[0082] In another embodiment of the invention, the double bases offormula (II) may be chosen fromN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.

[0083] (III) para-aminophenols chosen from compounds of formula (III),and their acid addition salts:

[0084] wherein:

[0085] R₁₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as fluorine, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkylgroups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl), and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups;

[0086] R₁₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as fluorine, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, cyano(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups.

[0087] Representative para-aminophenols of formula (III) above includepara-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol,4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol,4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol, and their acid additionsalts.

[0088] (IV) ortho-aminophenols chosen, for example, from 2-aminophenol,2-amino-1-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene, 2-amino-1-hydroxy-6-methylbenzene,5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their acid addition salts.

[0089] (V) heterocyclic bases chosen, for example, from pyridinederivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazole derivatives,pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives, and their acid addition salts.

[0090] Representative pyridine derivatives include 2,5-diaminopyridine,2-(4-methoxyphenyl)amino-3-aminopyridine, 2,3-diamino-6-methoxypyridine,2-(β-methoxyethyl)amino-3-amino-6-methoxypyridine, 3,4-diaminopyridine,and their acid addition salts. Some of the aforementioned pyridinederivatives have been described, for example in the patents GB 1,026,978and GB 1,153,196, the disclosures of which are incorporated by referenceherein.

[0091] Representative pyrimidine derivatives include2,4,5,6-tetraminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine,2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, and their acid addition salts. Some of theaforementioned pyrimidine derivatives have been described, for examplein German Patent DE 2,359,399, Japanese Patents JP 88-169,571 and JP91-10659, and Patent Application WO 96/15765, the disclosures of whichare incorporated by reference herein.

[0092] Representative pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives include thosedescribed, for example, in the patent application FR-A-2 750 048, thedisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. Suchpyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives include pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, suchas

[0093] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0094] 2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0095] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

[0096] 2,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

[0097] 3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol;

[0098] 3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-ol;

[0099] 2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ylamino)ethanol;

[0100] 2-(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-ylamino)ethanol;

[0101]2-[(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

[0102]2-[(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

[0103] 5,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0104] 2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0105] 2,5,N7,N7-tetramethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0106]3-amino-5-methyl-7-imidazolylpropylaminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine;

[0107] their salts, such as their acid addition salts, and theirtautomeric forms when a tautomeric equilibrium exists.

[0108] Representative pyrazole derivatives include4,5-diamino-1-methylpyrazole, 3,4-diaminopyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(4′-chlorobenzyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole,4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazinopyrazole,1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methyl-pyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-(4′-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4-amino-5-(2′-aminoethyl)amino-1,3-dimethyl-pyrazole,3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 1-methyl-3,4,5-triaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-4-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-1-methylpyrazole, and their acidaddition salts. Some of the aforementioned pyrazole derivatives havebeen described, for example in Patents DE 3,843,892, DE 4,133,957 andPatent Applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2,733,749 and DE 19543 988, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

[0109] The oxidation bases may be present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.0005% to 12% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition, such as from 0.005% to 8% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition.

[0110] Suitable couplers which may be used in the dyeing process of theinvention include couplers conventionally used in oxidation dyeingcompositions. Such couplers can be chosen, for example, frommeta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthols,sesamol and its derivatives, heterocyclic couplers, such as, forexample, indole derivatives, indoline derivatives, pyridine derivatives,pyrazolotriazole derivatives, pyrazolones, indazoles, benzimidazoles,benzothiazoles, benzoxazoles, 1,3-benzodioxoles, quinolines and theiracid addition salts.

[0111] Representative couplers include2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene, 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol, α-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1-H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one,1-amino-2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine,3,6-dimethylpyrazolo[3,2-c]-1,2,4-triazole,2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-b]-1,2,4-triazole, and their acid additionsalts.

[0112] When these couplers are present, they are generally present in anamount ranging for example from 0.0001% to 10% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition, such as from 0.005% to 5% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.

[0113] Generally, the acid addition salts of the oxidation bases andcouplers can be chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates,tartrates, lactates and acetates.

[0114] The compositions according to the invention may also comprise atleast one direct dye. Representative direct dyes which can be used inthe present invention include direct dyes that have conventionally beenused in direct dyeing compositions and lighting direct dyeingcompositions. For example, the dyes can be chosen from neutral,cationic, and anionic nitro dyes, neutral, cationic, and anionicanthraquinone dyes, and neutral, cationic, and anionic azo dyes.Generally, the direct dyes are present in amounts ranging for examplefrom 0.001% to 20% by weight of the total weight of the composition,such as for example from 0.01% to 10% by weight of the total weight ofthe composition.

[0115] In one embodiment of the invention, namely within theready-to-use composition, said at least one composition (A) and said atleast one composition (B) can further comprise at least one polymerchosen from cationic and amphoteric polymers, such as substantivepolymers.

[0116] At Least One Thickening Polymer Comprising at Least One FattyChain

[0117] The at least one thickening polymer comprising at least one fattychain according to the invention can be chosen from nonionic, anionicand cationic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain.

[0118] (i) Anionic Thickeners

[0119] Such anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fattychain can be chosen from:

[0120] (I) anionic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit andat least one allyl ether unit comprising at least one fatty chain, forexample said anionic polymers wherein said at least one hydrophilic unitcomprises at least one ethylenic unsaturated anionic monomeric residue,such as vinylcarboxylic acid and further such as at least one monomericresidue chosen from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid residues, andwherein said at least one allyl ether unit comprising at least one fattychain corresponds to the monomeric residue resulting from the monomer offormula (I):

CH₂═C—R′—CH₂—O—B_(n)—R  (I)

[0121] in which R′ is chosen from H and CH₃, B is chosen fromethyleneoxy groups, n is chosen from zero and integers ranging from 1 to100, R is a hydrocarbon group chosen from alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl,alkylaryl and cycloalkyl groups, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms,such as from 10 to 24, and further such as from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.One embodiment of the invention comprises at least one allyl ether unitof the monomeric resudue resulting from the monomer of formula (I),wherein R′ is H, n is equal to 10, and R is a stearyl (C₁₈) group.

[0122] Representative anionic amphiphilic polymers of this type aredescribed and prepared, according to a method of emulsionpolymerization, in patent EP-0,216,479, the disclosure of which isincorporated by reference herein.

[0123] As used herein, the term “lower alkyl” means an alkyl chosen fromsaturated and unsaturated, branched and unbranched C₁-C₆ alkyl groups.

[0124] Representative anionic thickening polymers comprising at leastone fatty chain include for example polymers formed from 20% to 60% byweight of at least one monomer chosen from acrylic acid and methacrylicacid, 5% to 60% by weight of C₁-C₆ alkyl(meth)acrylates, 2% to 50% byweight of allyl ether comprising at least one fatty chain of formula(I), and up to 1% by weight of a crosslinking agent chosen from wellknown copolymerizable polyethylenic unsaturated monomers such as diallylphthalate, allyl (meth)acrylate, divinylbenzene, (poly)ethylene glycoldimethacrylate and methylenebisacrylamide.

[0125] In one embodiment, the composition comprises at least one anionicthickening polymer chosen from crosslinked terpolymers of methacrylicacid, ethyl acrylate, and polyethylene glycol (10 EO) stearyl alcoholether (Steareth 10), such as the products sold by the company ALLIEDCOLLOIDS under the names SALCARE SC 80 and SALCARE SC 90, which areaqueous emulsions comprising 30% of a crosslinked terpolymer ofmethacrylic acid, of ethyl acrylate and of steareth-10-allyl ether(40/50/10).

[0126] Anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chaincan also be chosen from:

[0127] (II) anionic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit ofthe olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type and at least onehydrophobic unit of the (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylicacid type.

[0128] Such polymers are chosen from polymers comprising:

[0129] at least one hydrophilic unit formed from olefinic unsaturatedcarboxylic acid monomers of formula (II):

[0130] in which R₁ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, (which correspondswith acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and ethacrylic acid units), and

[0131] at least one hydrophobic unit formed from (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl estersof unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers of formula (III):

[0132] in which R₂ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, (which correspondswith acrylate, methacrylate and ethacrylate units) and R₃ is chosen fromsaturated and unsaturated, branched and unbranched C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl groups.In one embodiment, for example, R₂ is chosen from H (acrylate units) andCH₃ (methacrylate units) and R₃ is chosen from C₁₂-C₂₂ alkyl groups.

[0133] (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids inaccordance with the invention include for example lauryl acrylate,stearyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate,lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, isodecylmethacrylate, and dodecyl methacrylate.

[0134] Anionic polymers of this type are for example described andprepared according to patents U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,915,921 and 4,509,949,the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

[0135] Anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chainthat can be used include polymers formed from a mixture of monomerscomprising:

[0136] (i) acrylic acid,

[0137] (ii) at least one ester of formula (III) described above whereinR₂ is chosen from H and CH₃, and R₃ is chosen from alkyl groupscomprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and

[0138] (iii) at least one crosslinking agent chosen from well knowncopolymerizable polyethylenic unsaturated monomers such as diallylphthalate, allyl (meth)acrylate, divinylbenzene, (poly)ethylene glycoldimethacrylate and methylenebisacrylamide.

[0139] Representative anionic thickening polymers comprising at leastone fatty chain that can be used include (i) polymers comprising 95% to60% by weight of acrylic acid monomeric residue (hydrophilic unit), 4%to 40% by weight of C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl acrylate monomeric residue(hydrophobic unit), and 0% to 6% by weight of crosslinking polymerizablemonomeric residue, and (ii) polymers comprising 98% to 96% by weight ofacrylic acid monomeric residue (hydrophilic unit), 1% to 4% by weight ofC₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl acrylate monomeric residue (hydrophobic unit) and 0.1% to0.6% by weight of crosslinking polymerizable monomeric residue such asthose described above.

[0140] Among the above polymers, the products sold by the companyGOODRICH under the trade names PEMULEN TR1, PEMULEN TR2, and CARBOPOL1382 can be used. One embodiment could employ at least one polymerchosen from PEMULEN TR1, and the product sold by the companyS.E.P.P.I.C. under the name COATEX SX.

[0141] Anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chaincan also be chosen from:

[0142] (III) terpolymers formed from maleic anhydride/C₃₀-C₃₈α-olefin/alkyl maleate such as the product (maleic anhydride/C₃₀-C₃₈α-olefin/isopropyl maleate copolymer) sold under the name PERFORMA V1608 by the company NEWPHASE TECHNOLOGIES,

[0143] (IV) acrylic terpolymers formed from:

[0144] (a) 20% to 70% by weight of a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation

[0145] (b) 20% to 80% by weight of a nonsurfactant monomer withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation different from (a)

[0146] (c) 0.5% to 60% by weight of a nonionic monourethane which is theproduct of the reaction of a monohydric surfactant with a monoisocyanatewith monoethylenic unsaturation

[0147] such as acrylic terpolymers described in patent applicationEP-A-0,173,109, the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein, and more particularly acrylic terpolymers described therein inExample 3, namely a methacrylic acid/methyl acrylate/dimethylmetaisopropenyl benzyl isocyanate of ethoxylated (40 EO) behenyl alcoholterpolymer in 25% aqueous dispersion,

[0148] (V) copolymers formed from at least two monomers, wherein atleast one of said at least two monomers is chosen from a carboxylic acidwith α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, an ester of a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, and an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol, and

[0149] (VI) copolymers formed from at least three monomers, wherein atleast one of said at least three monomers is chosen from a carboxylicacid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, at least one of said at leastthree monomers is chosen from an ester of a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation and at least one of said at least threemonomers is chosen from an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol.

[0150] Additionally, these compounds can also comprise, as monomer, acarboxylic acid ester comprising an α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation and aC₁-C₄ alcohol. By way of example of this type of compound, there may bementioned ACULYN 22 sold by the company ROHM and HAAS, which is anoxyalkylenated stearyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate/methacrylic acidterpolymer.

[0151] (ii) Nonionic Thickeners

[0152] Nonionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chainaccording to the invention can be chosen from:

[0153] (1) celluloses modified by at least one group comprising at leastone fatty chain such as:

[0154] hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by at least one group comprisingat least one fatty chain such as alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groupsand further such as alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups wherein saidalkyl groups comprise from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, such as the productNATROSOL PLUS GRADE 330 CS(C₁₆ alkyls) sold by the company AQUALON, andthe product BERMOCOLL EHM 100 sold by the company BEROL NOBEL,

[0155] hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by at least one polyalkyleneglycol ether of alkylphenol group, such as the product AMERCELL POLYMERHM-1500 (polyethylene glycol (15) ether of nonylphenol) sold by thecompany AMERCHOL;

[0156] (2) hydroxypropylguars modified by at least one group comprisingat least one fatty chain such as the product ESAFLOR HM 22 (C₂₂ alkylchain) sold by the company LAMBERTI, the products RE 210-18 (C₁₄ alkylchain) and RE 205-1 (C₂₀ alkyl chain) sold by the company RHONE POULENC(Succeeded by RHODIA CHIMIE);

[0157] (3) copolymers formed from vinylpyrrolidone and at least onehydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain such as forexample:

[0158] the products ANTARON V216 and GANEX V216(vinylpyrrolidone/hexadecene copolymer) sold by the company I.S.P., and

[0159] the products ANTARON V220 and GANEX V220(vinylpyrrolidone/eicosene copolymer) sold by the company I.S.P.;

[0160] (4) copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl methacrylateand at least one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chainand copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl acrylate and atleast one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain suchas for example the oxyethylenated stearyl acrylate/methyl acrylatecopolymer sold by the company GOLDSCHMIDT under the name ANTIL 208;

[0161] (5) copolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic methacrylateand at least one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chainand copolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic acrylate and atleast one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain suchas for example the polyethylene glycol methacrylate/lauryl methacrylatecopolymer;

[0162] (6) polyether-polyurethanes comprising in their chain bothhydrophilic sequences which are most often of a polyoxyethylenatednature and hydrophobic sequences which may be chains chosen fromaliphatic chains, cycloaliphatic chains, and aromatic chains;

[0163] (7) polymers comprising an aminoplast ether backbone possessingat least one fatty chain, such as the compounds PURE THIX provided bythe company SUD-CHEMIE.

[0164] Nonionic thickening polymers can additionally includepolyether-polyurethanes comprising at least two lipophilic (i.e.,hydrophobic) hydrocarbon chains, comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms,separated by a hydrophilic sequence, it being possible for thehydrocarbon chains to be chosen from pendant chains and chains at theend of a hydrophilic sequence. One embodiment may comprise at least onependant chain. In addition, the polymer may comprise a hydrocarbon chainat at least one end of a hydrophilic sequence.

[0165] Representative polyether-polyurethanes useful in the presentinvention may be polyblocks, such as in triblock form. The hydrophobicsequences may be at each end of the chain (for example: triblockcopolymer with hydrophilic central sequence) and optionally both at theends and in the chain (polyblock copolymer for example). These samepolymers may also be in the form of graft units or may be star-shaped.

[0166] The nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least onefatty chain may be triblock copolymers whose hydrophilic sequence is apolyoxyethylenated chain comprising from 50 to 1000 oxyethylenatedgroups. Certain nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprise a urethanebond between the hydrophilic sequences.

[0167] By extension, those whose hydrophilic sequences are linked byother chemical bonds to the lipophilic sequences are also included amongthe nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least one fattychain.

[0168] Representative nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprising atleast one fatty chain include Rhéolate 205 comprising a urea functionsold by the company RHEOX and Rhéolate 208, 204 and 212, as well asAcrysol RM 184, Aculyn 44 and Aculyn 46 from the company ROHM and HAAS[ACULYN 46 is a polycondensate of polyethylene glycol comprising 150 or180 mol of ethylene oxide, stearyl alcohol andmethylene-bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (SMDI), at 15% by weight in amaltodextrin (4%) and water (81%) matrix; ACULYN 44 is a polycondensateof polyethylene glycol comprising 150 or 180 mol of ethylene oxide,decyl alcohol and methylenebis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (SMDI), at 35% byweight in a propylene glycol (39%) and water (26%) mixture].

[0169] There may also be mentioned the product ELFACOS T210 comprising aC₁₂-C₁₄ alkyl chain and the product ELFACOS T212 comprising a C₁₈ alkylchain from AKZO.

[0170] The product DW 1206B from RHOM & HAAS comprising a C₂₀ alkylchain and with a urethane bond, sold at 20% dry matter content in water,may also be used.

[0171] It is also possible to use solutions and dispersions of thesepolymers for example in water and for example in an aqueous-alcoholicmedium. By way of example of such polymers, there may be mentionedRhéolate 255, Rhéolate 278 and Rhéolate 244 sold by the company RHEOX.It is also possible to use the product DW 1206F and DW 1206J provided bythe company ROHM & HAAS.

[0172] Representative polyether-polyurethanes that can be used accordingto the invention include polyether-polyurethanes described in thearticle by G. Fonnum, J. Bakke and Fk. Hansen—Colloid Polym. Sci 271,380, 389 (1993), the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein.

[0173] (iii) Cationic Thickeners

[0174] As used herein, “cationic thickener” refers to polymers chosenfrom polymers comprising at least one cationic group and polymerscomprising at least one group which can be ionized to form cationicgroups.

[0175] Representative cationic thickening polymers comprising at leastone fatty chain used in the present invention can be chosen fromquaternized cellulose derivatives and polyacrylates with noncyclicamine-containing side groups.

[0176] Such quaternized cellulose derivatives can be chosen from:

[0177] quaternized celluloses modified by groups comprising at least onefatty chain, such as at least one group chosen from alkyl, arylalkyl andalkylaryl groups comprising at least 8 carbon atoms,

[0178] quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by at least one groupcomprising at least one fatty chain, such as at least one group chosenfrom alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups comprising at least 8 carbonatoms.

[0179] In one embodiment, said alkyl groups carried by the abovequaternized celluloses and hydroxyethylcelluloses comprise from 8 to 30carbon atoms and the aryl groups are chosen from phenyl, benzyl,naphthyl and anthryl groups.

[0180] There may be mentioned as examples of quaternizedalkylhydroxyethylcelluloses comprising at least one C₈-C₃₀ fatty chainthe products QUATRISOFT LM 200, QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-18-A, QUATRISOFTLM-X 529-18B (C₁₂ alkyl) and QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-8 (C₁₈ alkyl) marketedby the company AMERCHOL and the products CRODACEL QM, CRODACEL QL (C₁₂alkyl) and CRODACEL QS (C₁₈ alkyl) marketed by the company CRODA.

[0181] Representative polyacrylates with amine-containing side groups,quaternized and otherwise, comprise for example hydrophobic groups ofthe steareth 20 type (polyoxyethylenated stearyl alcohol (20)).

[0182] As examples of polyacrylates with amine-containing side groups,there may be mentioned the polymers 8781-121B or 9492-103 from thecompany NATIONAL STARCH.

[0183] One embodiment of the oxidation dyeing composition according tothe invention may comprise at least one nonionic thickening polymercomprising at least one fatty chain.

[0184] The anionic, nonionic and cationic at least one thickeningpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain are generally present in anamount ranging for example from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the dyeing composition, such as from 0.1% to 5% byweight relative to the total weight of the dyeing composition.

[0185] In one embodiment of the invention, namely within theready-to-use composition, said at least one composition (A) and said atleast one composition (B) can further comprise at least one polymerchosen from cationic and amphoteric polymers, such as substantivepolymers.

[0186] Cationic Polymers

[0187] As used herein, “cationic polymer” refers to polymers chosen frompolymers comprising at least one cationic group and polymers comprisingat least one group which can be ionized to form cationic groups.

[0188] Representative cationic polymers which may be used in accordancewith the present invention include any of those already known to improveat least one cosmetic property of hair, such as, for example, thosedescribed in patent application EP-A-0 337 354 and in French patentapplications FR-A-2 270 846, 2 383 660, 2 598 611, 2 470 596 and 2 519863, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0189] According to the present invention, the at least one cationicpolymer may be chosen from polymers comprising at least one unit,wherein said at least one unit comprises at least one group chosen fromprimary amine groups, secondary amine groups, tertiary amine groups andquaternary amine groups, wherein said at least one group forms part ofthe polymer skeleton, or is carried by at least one lateral substituenton said polymer skeleton.

[0190] According to the present invention, the at least one cationicpolymer has a number-average molecular mass generally ranging forexample from 500 to 5×10⁶, such as from 1×10³ to 3×10⁶.

[0191] The at least one cationic polymer may, for example, be chosenfrom polymers of quaternary polyammonium type, polymers of polyaminoamide type and polymers of polyamine type. Such types of polymers areknown in the art. They are for example described in French patents Nos.2, 505, 348 and 2, 542, 997, the disclosures of which are incorporatedby reference herein.

[0192] Non-limiting examples of cationic polymers include:

[0193] (1) homo- and co-polymers derived from at least one monomerchosen from acrylic esters, methacrylic esters and amides, wherein saidhomo- and co-polymers comprise at least one unit chosen from units offormulae:

[0194] wherein:

[0195] R₃, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen atoms and CH₃ groups;

[0196] A, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromlinear and branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,such as 2 and 3 carbon atoms, and hydroxyalkyl groups comprising from 1to 4 carbon atoms;

[0197] R₄, R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such asfrom 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and benzyl groups;

[0198] R₁ and R₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen atoms and alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbonatoms, such as methyl and ethyl;

[0199] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from at least oneinorganic acid and anions derived from at least one organic acid, suchas methosulfate anions and halides, such as chlorides and bromides.

[0200] Copolymers of family (1) may further comprise at least one unitderived from at least one comonomer chosen from vinyllactams, vinylesters, acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetone acrylamides, acrylamidesand methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen with at least one groupchosen from (C₁-C₄) alkyls, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylicesters, and methacrylic esters. Non-limiting examples of vinyllactamsinclude vinylpyrrolidone and vinylcaprolactam.

[0201] Non-limiting examples of copolymers of family (1) include:

[0202] copolymers derived from at least one monomer of (i) acrylamideand (ii) dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with at least onegroup chosen from dimethyl sulfate and dimethyl halide, such as theproduct sold under the name HERCOFLOC by the company Hercules;

[0203] copolymers derived from at least one monomer of (i) acrylamideand (ii) methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium chloride described, forexample, in patent application EP-A-080 976, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference, and which is sold under the name BINAQUAT P 100 by the company Ciba Geigy;

[0204] copolymers derived from at least one monomer of (i) acrylamideand (ii) methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, such as,for example, copolymers sold under the name RETEN by the companyHercules; quaternized and non-quaternizedvinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate copolymers and quaternizedand non-quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylatecopolymers, such as the products sold under the name “GAFQUAT” by thecompany ISP, such as, for example, “GAFQUAT 734” or “GAFQUAT 755” andthe products known as “COPOLYMER 845, 958 and 937”. These polymers aredescribed in detail in French patents 2 077 143 and 2 393 573, thedisclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference;

[0205] dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidoneterpolymers, such as the product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 bythe company ISP;

[0206] vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers,such as the product sold under the name STYLEZE CC 10 by ISP; and

[0207] quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamidecopolymers, such as the product sold under the name “GAFQUAT HS 100” bythe company ISP;

[0208] (2) cellulose ether derivatives comprising quaternary ammoniumgroups, such as those described in French patent 1,492,597, thedisclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, and polymerssold under the names “JR” (JR 400, JR 125 and JR 30M) and “LR” (LR 400,or LR 30M) by the company Union Carbide Corporation. These polymers arealso defined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums ofhydroxyethylcellulose which have reacted with an epoxide substitutedwith a trimethylammonium group;

[0209] (3) cationic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose copolymersand cellulose derivatives grafted with at least one water-solublemonomer of quaternary ammonium, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No.4,131,576, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference,such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses (such as, for example,hydroxymethylcelluloses, hydroxyethylcelluloses andhydroxypropylcelluloses, wherein said hydroxyalkylcelluloses are graftedwith at least one salt chosen from, for example,methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium salts,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts and dimethyldiallylammoniumsalts). For example, commercial products corresponding to theaforementioned cationic cellulose derivatives include the products soldunder the names “CELQUAT L 200” and “CELQUAT H 100” by the companyNational Starch;

[0210] (4) cationic polysaccharides, such as those described in U.S.Pat. Nos. 3,589,578 and 4,031,307, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference, such as guar gums comprising at leastone cationic trialkylammonium group. For example, guar gums modifiedwith at least one salt, such as a chloride salt, of2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium may be used in the present invention.Such products are sold in particular under the trade names JAGUAR C13 S,JAGUAR C 15, JAGUAR C 17 and JAGUAR C162 by the company Meyhall;

[0211] (5) polymers comprising (i) at least one piperazinyl unit and(ii) at least one group chosen from divalent alkylene groups anddivalent hydroxyalkylene groups, wherein said at least one groupoptionally comprises at least one chain chosen from straight chains andbranched chains, wherein said at least one chain is optionallyinterrupted by at least one entity chosen from oxygen atoms, sulfuratoms, nitrogen atoms, aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings, theoxidation products of said polymers and the quaternization products ofsaid polymers. For example, such polymers are described in Frenchpatents 2,162,025 and 2,280,361, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference;

[0212] (6) water-soluble polyamino amides which may be prepared by atleast one polycondensation reaction of at least one acidic compound andat least one polyamine compound, wherein said polyamino amides may becrosslinked with at least one crosslinking agent chosen fromepihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, unsaturated dianhydrides,bis-unsaturated derivatives, bis-halohydrins, bis-azetidiniums,bis-haloacyidiamines, bis-alkyl halides and oligomers derived fromreaction of at least one difunctional compound with at least onecompound chosen from bis-halohydrins, bis-azetidiniums,bis-haloacyldiamines, bis-alkyl halides, epihalohydrins, diepoxides andbis-unsaturated derivatives, wherein said crosslinking agent may be usedin a proportion generally ranging from 0.025 mol to 0.35 mol per aminegroup of said polyamino amide, wherein said polyamino amides mayoptionally be alkylated, and wherein if said polyamino amides compriseat least one tertiary amine group, said polyamino amides may optionallybe quaternized. For example, such polymers are described in Frenchpatents 2,252,840 and 2,368,508, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference;

[0213] (7) polyamino amide derivatives derived from condensation of atleast one polyalkylene polyamine with at least one polycarboxylic acid,followed by alkylation with at least one bifunctional agent.Non-limiting examples of such polyamino amide derivatives include adipicacid/dialkylaminohydroxyalkyldialkylenetriamine polymers wherein thealkyl group comprises from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl groups,ethyl groups and propyl groups. For example, such polymers are describedin French patent 1,583,363, the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

[0214] Other non-limiting examples of such derivatives include theadipic acid/dimethylamino-hydroxypropyl/diethylenetriamine polymers soldunder the name “CARTARETINE F, F4 or F8” by the company Sandoz.

[0215] (8) polymers derived from the reaction of (i) at least onepolyalkylene polyamine comprising two primary amine groups and at leastone secondary amine group with (ii) at least one dicarboxylic acidchosen from diglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acidscomprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. According to the present invention,the molar ratio of the at least one polyalkylene polyamine to the atleast one dicarboxylic acid generally ranges from 0.8:1 to 1.4:1. Thepolyamino amide resulting from the above reaction may be reacted withepichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to the at least onesecondary amine group of the polyamino amide generally ranging from0.5:1 to 1.8:1. For example, such polymers are described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,227,615 and 2,961,347, the disclosures of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

[0216] Polymers of this type are sold in particular under the name“HERCOSETT 57” by the company Hercules Inc. and under the name “PD 170”or “DELSETTE 101” by the company Hercules in the case of adipicacid/epoxypropyl/diethylenetriamine copolymers.

[0217] (9) cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine and cyclopolymers ofdialkyldiallylammonium, such as homopolymers and copolymers comprising,as a constituent of the chain, at least one unit chosen from units offormulae (VI) and (VI′):

[0218] wherein:

[0219] k and t, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom 0 and 1, with the proviso that the sum of k+t is equal to 1;

[0220] R₁₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen atoms and methyl groups;

[0221] R10 and R₁₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, such as from 1to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups, such as hydroxy alkyl groupswherein the alkyl radical comprises from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and C₁-C₄amidoalkyl groups;

[0222] R₁₀ and R₁₁, together with the nitrogen atom to which they arecommonly bonded, may additionally form at least one heterocyclic group,such as piperidyl groups and morpholinyl groups;

[0223] Y⁻ is an anion, such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate,citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate and phosphate. Forexample, such polymers are described in French patent 2,080,759 and inits Certificate of Addition 2,190,406, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference.

[0224] Non-limiting examples of the polymers defined above include thedimethyldiallyl-ammonium chloride homopolymer sold under the name“MERQUAT 100” by the company Calgon (and its homologues of lowweight-average molecular mass) and copolymers of diallyldimethylammoniumchloride and of acrylamide, sold under the name “MERQUAT 550”.

[0225] (10) quaternary diammonium polymers comprising repeating units offormula (VII):

[0226] wherein:

[0227] R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from aliphatic groups comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,alicyclic groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, arylaliphaticgroups comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and lower hydroxyalkylgroups; and

[0228] additionally at least two of said R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, togetherwith the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, may form at leastone heterocycle optionally comprising an additional heteroatom otherthan nitrogen; and

[0229] additionally, R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical ordifferent, may each be chosen from linear and branched C₁-C₆ alkylgroups substituted with at least one group chosen from nitrile groups,ester groups, acyl groups, amide groups and groups chosen from groups offormulae —CO—O—R₁₇—D and —CO—NH—R₁₇—D wherein R₁₇ is chosen fromalkylene groups and D is chosen from quaternary ammonium groups;

[0230] A₁ and B₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom polymethylene groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, chosenfrom linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated polymethylene groupswherein said polymethylene groups may optionally comprise, optionallylinked to and optionally intercalated in the main chain, at least oneentity chosen from aromatic rings, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, sulfoxidegroups, sulfone groups, disulfide groups, amino groups, alkylaminogroups, hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium groups, ureido groups,amide groups and ester groups; and

[0231] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acidsand anions derived from organic acids; and

[0232] A₁, R₁₃ and R₁₅ may optionally form, together with the nitrogenatoms to which they are attached, at least one piperazine ring;

[0233] with the proviso that if A₁ is chosen from linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated alkylene groups and linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated hydroxyalkylene groups, B₁ may also be chosenfrom groups of formula:

—(CH₂)_(n)—CO—D—OC—(CH₂)_(n)

[0234]  wherein:

[0235] n is a number such that the overall quaternary diammonium polymerhas a number-average molecular mass generally ranging for example from1000 to 100,000;

[0236] D is chosen from:

[0237] a) glycol residues of formula: —O—Z—O—, wherein Z is chosen fromlinear and branched hydrocarbon groups and groups chosen from groups offormulae:

—(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—CH₂—CH₂—; and

—[CH₂—CH(CH₃)—O]_(y)—CH₂—CH(CH₃)—

[0238]  wherein x and y, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from integers ranging from 1 to 4 (in which case x and yrepresent a defined and unique degree of polymerization) and any numberranging from 1 to 4 (in which case x and y represent an average degreeof polymerization);

[0239] b) bis-secondary diamine residues such as piperazine derivatives;

[0240] c) bis-primary diamine residues chosen from residues of formula:—NH—Y—NH—, wherein Y is chosen from linear and branched hydrocarbongroups and residues of formula —CH₂—CH₂—S—S—CH₂—CH₂—; and

[0241] d) ureylene groups of formula: —NH—CO—NH—.

[0242] In one embodiment, X⁻ is an anion chosen from chloride ions andbromide ions. According to the present invention, the quarternarydiammonium polymers have a number-average molecular mass generallyranging from 1000 to 100,000.

[0243] For example, polymers of this type are described in French PatentNos. 2,320,330, 2,270,846, 2,316,271, 2,336,434 and 2,413,907 and U.S.Pat. Nos. 2,273,780, 2,375,853, 2,388,614, 2,454,547, 3,206,462,2,261,002, 2,271,378, 3,874,870, 4,001,432, 3,929,990, 3,966,904,4,005,193, 4,025,617, 4,025,627, 4,025,653, 4,026,945 and 4,027,020, thedisclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0244] Further, according to the present invention, polymers comprisingrepeating units of formula (a) may be used:

[0245] wherein:

[0246] R₁, R₂₁ R₃ and R₄, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms andhydroxyalkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

[0247] n and p, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom integers ranging from 2 to 20; and

[0248] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acidsand anions derived from organic acids.

[0249] (11) polyquaternary ammonium polymers comprising repeating unitsof formula (VIII): (VIII)

[0250] wherein:

[0251] p is an integer ranging from 1 to 6,

[0252] D is chosen from direct bonds and —(CH₂)_(r)—CO— groups, whereinr is a number equal to 4 or 7, and

[0253] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acidsand anions derived from organic acids.

[0254] For example, such compounds are described in patent applicationEP-A-122,324, the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein, and may be prepared according to the procedures described in theU.S. Pat. Nos. 4,157,388, 4,390,689, 4,702,906, and 4,719,282, thedisclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

[0255] Among these, there may be mentioned for example the products“Mirapol A 15”, “Mirapol AD1”, “Mirapol AZ1” and Mirapol 175” sold bythe company Miranol.

[0256] (12) quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternarypolymers of vinylimidazole, such as, for example, the products soldunder the names LUVIQUAT FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by the company BASF.

[0257] (13) polyamines, such as POLYQUART H sold by Henkel under thereference name “POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (15) TALLOW POLYAMINE” in the CTFAdictionary.

[0258] (14) crosslinked(meth)acryloyloxy(C₁-C₄)alkyltri(C₁-C₄)alkylammonium salt polymers, suchas the polymers derived from homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride and polymers derived fromcopolymerization, for example, of acrylamide with dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized with a methyl halide (such as methyl chloride),wherein the homo- or copolymerization is followed by crosslinking withat least one compound comprising olefinic unsaturation, such asmethylenebisacrylamide. For example, a crosslinkedacrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer(20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion comprising about 50% byweight of said copolymer in mineral oil may be used. This dispersion issold under the name “SALCARE SC 92” by the company Allied Colloids.Further, a crosslinked methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloridehomopolymer comprising about 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineraloil or in a liquid ester may be used. These dispersions are sold underthe names “SALCARE SC 95” and “SALCARE SC 96” by the company AlliedColloids.

[0259] Other cationic polymers which may be used as the at least onecationic polymer according to the present invention arepolyalkyleneimines (such as polyethyleneimines), polymers comprising atleast one vinylpyridine unit, polymers comprising at least onevinylpyridinium unit, condensates of polyamines, condensates ofepichlorohydrin, quaternary polyureylenes and chitin derivatives.

[0260] Other embodiments of the invention use cationic polymers chosenfrom the polymers of (1), (9), (10), (11) and (14). Specifically,polymers of formulae (W) and (U) can be used:

[0261] such as those of which the molecular weight, determined by gelchromatography, ranges from 9500 to 9900;

[0262] and in particular those of which the molecular weight, determinedby gel chromatography, is approximately 1200.

[0263] Generally, the cationic polymers are present in an amount rangingfor example from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe final composition, such as from 0.05% to 5% by weight relative tothe total weight of the final composition and further such as from 0.01%to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the final composition.

[0264] Amphoteric Polymers

[0265] The amphoteric polymers which can be used in the presentinvention can be chosen from polymers comprising K and M unitsdistributed statistically in the polymer chain, wherein:

[0266] K is a unit derived from a monomer comprising at least one basicnitrogen atom and M is a unit derived from an acid monomer comprising atleast one group chosen from carboxylic groups and sulfonic groups; oralternatively

[0267] K and M, which are identical or different, are each groups chosenfrom groups derived from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines andgroups derived from zwitterionic monomers of sulfobetaines; oralternatively

[0268] K and M, which are identical or different, are each chosen frompolymers comprising cationic polymer chains comprising at least oneamine group chosen from primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternaryamine groups, wherein at least one of the amine groups is substitutedwith a group chosen from carboxylic groups and sulphonic groups linkedvia a hydrocarbon radical; or alternatively

[0269] K and M form part of a chain of a polymer with anα,β-dicarboxylic ethylene unit wherein one of the carboxylic groups hasbeen caused to react with a polyamine comprising at least one aminegroup chosen from primary amine groups and secondary amine groups.

[0270] Representative of the film forming amphoteric polymers definedabove that can be used include the following polymers:

[0271] (1) The polymers resulting from the copolymerization of a monomerderived from a vinyl compound substituted with a carboxylic group suchas acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and α-chloroacrylicacid, and of a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compoundcomprising at least one basic atom such as dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate and acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide andacrylamide. Such compounds are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,537, thedisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. Copolymer ofthe sodium acrylate/acrylamidopropyl-trimethylammonium chloride soldunder the name of “POLYQUART KE 3033” by the company HENKEL can also becited.

[0272] The vinyl compound can also be a salt of dialkyldiallylammoniumsuch as diethyldiallylammonium chloride. The copolymers of acrylic acidand the latter monomer are proposed under the name “MERQUAT 280”,“MERQUAT 295” and “MERQUAT PLUS 3330” by the company CALGON.

[0273] (2) The polymers comprising units derived from:

[0274] a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides substituted onthe nitrogen by an alkyl radical and methacrylamides substituted on thenitrogen by an alkyl radical,

[0275] b) at least one acidic comonomer comprising at least one reactivecarboxylic group, and

[0276] c) at least one basic comonomer such as comonomers chosen fromesters of acrylic acid and esters of methacrylic acid, said esters beingsubstituted with at least one amine chosen from primary, secondary,tertiary and quaternary amines, and the product of quaternization ofdimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with a sulfate chosen from dimethylsulfate and diethyl sulfate.

[0277] Some embodiments according to the invention utilize N-substitutedacrylamides and methacrylamides comprising (C₂-C₁₂)alkyl groups, such asN-ethylacrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide, N-tert-octylacrylamide,N-octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, and N-dodecylacrylamide, as wellas the corresponding methacrylamides.

[0278] The acidic comonomers can be chosen, for example, from acrylic,methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids as well as the(C₁-C₄)alkyl monoesters of entities chosen from maleic anhydride,fumaric anhydride, maleic acid, and fumaric acid. The basic comonomerscan be chosen, for example, from methacrylates of aminoethyl,butylaminoethyl, N,N′-dimethylaminoethyl, and N-tert-butylaminoethyl.

[0279] Additionally, the copolymers having the CTFA name (4^(th)edition, 1991) Octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethylmethacrylatecopolymer such as the products sold under the name AMPHOMER and LOVOCRYL47 by the company NATIONAL STARCH can also be used.

[0280] (3) The partially and completely alkylated and crosslinkedpolyaminoamides derived from polyaminoamides of formula:

[0281] wherein:

[0282] R₂₇ is a divalent group chosen from groups derived from saturateddicarboxylic acids, groups derived from dicarboxylic aromatic acids,groups derived from mono- and dicarbocylic aliphatic acids comprising atleast one ethylenic double bond, groups derived from an ester of(C₁-C₆)alkanols of said acids, and groups derived from the addition ofany one of said aforementioned acids with an amine chosen frombis-primary and bis-secondary amines, and

[0283] Z is a divalent group derived from polyalkylene-polyamines chosenfrom bis-primary, mono- and bis-secondary polyalkylene-polyamines, forexample, Z represents:

[0284] a) in an amount ranging from 60 mol % to 100 mol %, the group

[0285] wherein x=2 and p=2 or 3, or alternatively x=3 and p=2,

[0286] it being understood that group Z of formula a) is derived from acompound chosen from diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine anddipropylenetriamine;

[0287] b) in an amount ranging from 0 mol % to 40 mol %, (1) said groups(XI) above in which x=2 and p=1 and which said group is derived from acompound chosen from ethylenediamine, and (2) groups derived frompiperazine:

[0288] c) in an amount ranging from 0 mol % to 20 mol %, thepolyalkylene-polyamine group —NH—(CH₂)₆—NH—, which is derived fromhexamethylenediamine, wherein said polyalkylene-polyamine group iscrosslinked by adding a bifunctional crosslinking agent (chosen from theepihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, and bis-unsaturatedderivatives) present in an amount ranging from 0.025 mol to 0.35 mol ofcrosslinking agent per amine group of the polyamino amide and alkylatedby the action of at least one compound chosen from acrylic acid,chloroacetic acid, alkanesultones, and salts thereof.

[0289] The saturated dicarboxylic acids are for example chosen fromsaturated (C₆-C₁₀) dicarboxylic acids such as adipic,2,2,4-trimethyladipic and 2,4,4-trimethyladipic acid.

[0290] Representative dicarboxylic aromatic acids include for example(C₆-C₁₀) dicarboxylic aromatic acids, such as terephthalic acid. Andrepresentative mono- and dicarboxylic aliphatic acids comprising atleast one ethylenic double bond include for example acrylic, methacrylicand itaconic acids.

[0291] The alkanesultones used in the alkylation can, for example, bechosen from propanesultone and butanesultone, and the salts of thealkylating agents can be chosen from sodium and potassium salts of saidalkylating agents.

[0292] (4) The polymers comprising zwitterionic units of formula:

[0293] wherein:

[0294] R₂₈ is chosen from polymerizable unsaturated groups such asacrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide and methacrylamide groups,

[0295] y and z, which can be identical or different, are each chosenfrom integers ranging from 1 to 3,

[0296] R₂₉ and R₃₀, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen, and methyl, ethyl and propyl groups,

[0297] R₃₁ and R₃₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen and alkyl groups, provided that the sum of the carbonatoms in R₃₁ and R₃₂ does not exceed 10.

[0298] The polymers comprising such units may also comprise unitsderived from nonzwitterionic monomers such as dimethylaminoethylacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate,diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates,alkyl acrylamides, alkyl methacrylamides, and vinyl acetate. By way ofexample, there may be mentioned the copolymer of methylmethacrylate/methyl dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl methacrylate suchas the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

[0299] (5) The polymers derived from chitosan comprising at least onemonomeric unit chosen from formulae (D), (E) and (F), which aredescribed for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,996,059, the disclosure ofwhich is herein incorporated by reference:

[0300] wherein said unit (D) is present in an amount ranging for examplefrom 0% to 30%, by weight relative to the total weight of said polymer,said unit (E) is present in an amount ranging for example from 5% to 50%by weight relative to the total weight of said polymer, and said unit(F) is present in an amount ranging for example from 30% to 90% byweight relative to the total weight of said polymer,

[0301] and wherein in said unit (F), R₃₃ is chosen from groups offormula:

[0302] wherein:

[0303] q is equal to 0 or 1, and (i) when q is equal to 0, R₃₄, R₃₅ andR₃₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from:

[0304] hydrogen,

[0305] methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy, and amino groups,

[0306] monoalkylamine and dialkylamine groups optionally interrupted byat least one nitrogen atom and/or optionally substituted with at leastone group chosen from amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkylthio and sulfonicgroups, and

[0307] alkylthio groups wherein said alkyl portion of said alkylthiogroup carries an amino group,

[0308] provided that at least one of said R₃₄, R₃₅ and R₃₆ groups ischosen from hydrogen; and

[0309] (ii) when q is equal to 1, R₃₄, R₃₅ and R₃₆, which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen,

[0310] and the salts formed by these polymers (5) with bases, and thesalts formed by these polymers (5) with acids.

[0311] (6) The polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosansuch as N-carboxymethyl chitosan and N-carboxybutyl chitosan sold underthe name “EVALSAN” by the company JAN DEKKER.

[0312] (7) The polymers of formula (XI), which are described for examplein French Patent 1 400366, the disclosure of which is incorporated byreference herein:

[0313] wherein:

[0314] r is chosen such that the number-average molecular weight of saidpolymer ranges from 500 to 6,000,000, such as from 1000 to 1,000,000.

[0315] R₃₇ is chosen from hydrogen and CH₃O, CH₃CH₂O, and phenyl groups,

[0316] R₃₈ and R₃₉, which are identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen and lower alkyl groups such as methyl and ethyl,

[0317] R₄₀ is chosen from lower alkyl groups such as methyl and ethyland groups of formula: —R₄₁—N(R₃₉)₂, comprising up to 6 carbon atoms,wherein R₃, is as defined above and R₄₁ is defined below,

[0318] R₄₁ is chosen from —CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—CH₂—, and —CH₂—CH(CH₃)—.

[0319] (8) Amphoteric polymers of the —D—X—D—X— type, which aredescribed for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,996,059, the disclosure ofwhich is herein incorporated by reference, chosen from:

[0320] a) polymers derived from reaction of chloroacetic acid or sodiumchloroacetate with at least one compound comprising at least one unit offormula (XII):

—D—X—D—X—D—  (XII)

[0321] wherein D is a group:

[0322] and X is chosen from the symbols E and E′, wherein E and E′,which are identical or different, are each chosen from bivalent groupschosen from alkylene groups comprising at least one chain chosen fromlinear and branched chains comprising up to 7 carbon atoms in theprincipal chain, wherein said principal chain is optionally substitutedwith at least one hydroxyl group, and wherein said alkylene groupsoptionally comprise at least one atom chosen from oxygen atoms, nitrogenatoms and sulfur atoms, wherein said at least one optional atom ispresent in the form of at least one group chosen from ether, thioether,sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamine and alkenylamine groups, andhydroxyl, benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide,alcohol, ester and urethane groups, and wherein said alkylene groupsoptionally comprise 1 to 3 rings chosen from aromatic rings andheterocyclic rings,

[0323] b) polymers of formula:

—D—X—D—X—  (XIII)

[0324] wherein:

[0325] D is a group:

[0326] X is chosen from the symbols E and E′ and wherein at least one Xis chosen from E′,

[0327] E is chosen from bivalent groups chosen from alkylene groupscomprising at least one chain chosen from linear and branched chainscomprising up to 7 carbon atoms in the principal chain, wherein saidprincipal chain is optionally substituted with at least one hydroxylgroup, and wherein said alkylene groups optionally comprise at least oneatom chosen from oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, and sulfur atoms, whereinsaid at least one optional atom is present in the form of at least onegroup chosen from ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium,alkylamine and alkenylamine groups, and hydroxyl, benzylamine, amineoxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide, alcohol, ester and urethanegroups, and wherein said alkylene groups optionally comprise 1 to 3rings chosen from aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings, and

[0328] E′ is a bivalent group chosen from alkylene groups comprising atleast one chain chosen from linear and branched chains comprising up to7 carbon atoms in the principal chain, wherein said principal chain isoptionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, and whereinsaid alkylene groups comprise at least one nitrogen atom substitutedwith an alkyl chain, wherein said alkyl chain is optionally interruptedby an oxygen atom and, wherein said alkyl chain comprises at least onefunctional group chosen from carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups,and wherein said at least one alkyl chain is betainized by reaction witha reactant chosen from chloroacetic acid and sodium chloroacetate.

[0329] (9) The copolymers (C₁-C₅)alkyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydridepartially modified by semiamidation with an N,N-dialkylaminoalkylaminesuch as N,N-dimethylaminopropylamine or by semiesterification with anN,N-dialkanolamine. These copolymers may also comprise other vinylcomonomers such as vinylcaprolactam.

[0330] The amphoteric polymers of family (1) are utilized in certainembodiments of the invention.

[0331] According to the invention, the at least one polymer chosen fromcationic and amphoteric polymers may be present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as from 0.05% to 5% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition, and further such as from 0.1% to 3% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.

[0332] Surfactants

[0333] The ready-to-use composition according to the invention cancomprise at least one additional surfactant, which is present in atleast one of said at least one dyeing composition (A), said at least oneoxidizing composition (B), and said at least one dyeing composition (A)and said at least one oxidizing composition (B).

[0334] The at least one additional surfactant may be chosen fromanionic, amphoteric, nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants.

[0335] Representative choices for the at least one additional surfactantinclude the following:

[0336] (i) Anionic Surfactant(s):

[0337] Representative anionic surfactants include salts (for examplealkaline salts, such as sodium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, aminoalcohol salts and magnesium salts) of the following compounds: alkylsulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamidoether sulfates,alkylarylpolyether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates; alkyl sulfonates,alkyl phosphates, alkylamide sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, a-olefinsulfonates, paraffin sulfonates; alkyl(C₆-C₂₄) sulfosuccinates,alkyl(C₆-C₂₄) ether sulfosuccinates, alkyl(C₆-C₂₄)amide sulfosuccinates,alkylsulfosuccinamates alkyl(C₁-C₂₄) sulfoacetates, acyl(C₆-C₂₄)sarcosinates, acyl(C₆-C₂₄) glutamates, acyl isethionates,N-acyltaurates, and alkyl(C₆-C₂₄)polyglycoside carboxylic esters such asalkylglucoside citrates, alkylpolyglycoside tartrate, alkylpolyglycosidesulfosuccinates, and alkyl sulfosuccinamates. The alkyl and acylradicals of all of these various compounds can for example comprise from12 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aryl radicals can for example be chosenfrom phenyl and benzyl groups.

[0338] For example, anionic surfactants can be chosen from fatty acidsalts such as the salts of oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, palmitic acid,stearic acid, the acids of copra oil and the acids of hydrogenated copraoil, and acyl lactylates in which the acyl radical comprises from 8 to20 carbon atoms. At least one weakly anionic surfactant can also beused, such as alkyl-D-galactosideuronic acids and their salts, as wellas polyoxyalkylenated carboxylic (C₆-C₂₄)alkyl ether acids,polyoxyalkylenated carboxylic (C₆-C₂₄)alkylaryl ether acids,polyoxyalkylenated carboxylic (C₆-C₂₄)alkyl amidoether acids and theirsalts, for example, those comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups.

[0339] (ii) Nonionic Surfactant(s):

[0340] Useful nonionic surfactants include compounds that are well knownper se (see for example in this respect “Handbook of Surfactants” by M.R. Porter, published by Blackie & Son (Glasgow and London), 1991, pp.116-178), the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.Thus, nonionic surfactants can include alcohols, α-diols, andpolyethoxylated alkylphenols and polypropoxylated alkylphenolscomprising at least one fatty chain comprising for example from 8 to 18carbon atoms, wherein the number of ethylene oxide and propylene oxidegroups can range for example from 2 to 50. Additionally, copolymers ofethylene oxide, copolymers of propylene oxide, condensates of ethyleneoxide with fatty alcohols, condensates of propylene oxide with fattyalcohols, polyethoxylated fatty amides, such as those comprising from 2to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, polyglycerolated fatty amides on averagecomprising 1 to 5 glycerol groups, such as from 1.5 to 4,polyethoxylated fatty amines comprising for example from 2 to 30 mol ofethylene oxide, oxyethylenated fatty acid esters of sorbitan comprisingfrom 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, fatty acid esters of sucrose, fattyacid esters of polyethylene glycol, alkylpolyglycosides,N-alkylglucamine derivatives, amine oxides, such as the oxides of(C₁₀-C₁₄) alkylamines, and N-acylaminopropylmorpholine oxides can alsobe used. It will be noted that the alkylpolyglycosides are nonionicsurfactants that can be suitable in the context of the presentinvention.

[0341] (iii) Amphoteric or Zwitterionic Surfactant(s):

[0342] Representative amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants can bechosen from aliphatic secondary and tertiary amine derivatives in whichthe aliphatic radical is chosen from linear and branched chain radicalscomprising 8 to 18 carbon atoms and comprising at least onewater-soluble anionic group (chosen for example from carboxylate,sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate and phosphonate); mention may also be madeof (C₈-C₂₀)alkylbetaines, sulfobetaines,(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₁-C₆)alkylbetaines and(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₁-C₆)alkylsulfobetaines. Representative aminederivatives include the products sold under the name MIRANOL, asdescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,528,378 and 2,781,354, the disclosures ofwhich are incorporated by reference herein, and classified in the CTFAdictionary, 3^(rd) edition, 1982, under the names Amphocarboxyglycinatesand Amphocarboxypropionates, having the respective structures:

R₂—CONHCH₂CH₂—N⁺(R₃)(R₄)(CH₂COO—)  (2)

[0343] in which:

[0344] R₂ is chosen from alkyl groups derived from an acid R₂—COOHpresent in hydrolysed copra oil, and heptyl, nonyl and undecyl radicals,

[0345] R₃ is a beta-hydroxyethyl group, and —R₄ is a carboxymethylgroup; and

R₅—CONHCH₂CH₂—N(B)(C)  (3)

[0346] in which:

[0347] (B) is —CH₂CH₂OX′, wherein X′ is an entity chosen from a—CH₂CH₂—COOH group and a hydrogen atom,

[0348] (C) is —(CH₂)_(z)—Y′, wherein z=1 or 2, and wherein Y′ is anentity chosen from —COOH and —CH₂—CHOH—SO₃H groups,

[0349] R₅ is chosen from alkyl groups, such as (a) alkyl groups of anacid R₅—COOH present in oils chosen from copra oil and hydrolysedlinseed oil, (b) alkyl groups, such as C₇, C₉, C₁₁ and C₁₃ alkyl groups,and (c) C₁₇ alkyl groups and the iso forms, and unsaturated C₁₇ groups.

[0350] Such representative compounds are classified in the CTFAdictionary, 5th edition, 1993, under the names disodiumcocoamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodiumcaprylamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodiacetate, disodiumcocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodiumcaprylamphodipropionate, disodium capryloamphodipropionate,lauroamphodipropionic acid, and cocoamphodipropionic acid. By way ofexample, mention may be made of the cocoamphodiacetate sold under thetrade name MIRANOL C2M Concentrate by the company RHODIA CHIMIE.

[0351] (iv) Cationic Surfactants:

[0352] Representative cationic surfactants include salts of optionallypolyoxyalkylenated primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines;quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraalkylammonium,alkylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium, trialkylbenzylammonium, andtrialkylhydroxyalkylammonium, alkylpyridinium chlorides, alkylpyridiniumbromides, imidazoline derivatives; and amine oxides of cationic nature.

[0353] In one embodiment, in the ready-to-use composition according tothe invention, the dyeing composition (A) comprises at least onenonionic surfactant.

[0354] The at least one additional surfactant may be present in thecomposition according to the invention generally in an amount rangingfor example from 0.01% to 40% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition, such as from 0.1% to 30% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition.

[0355] The ready-to-use composition according to the present inventionmay eventually comprise, in composition (A), composition (B), or bothcompositions (A) and (B), at least one other agent for adjustment ofrheology, such as agents chosen from cellulose thickeners (for example,hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, andcarboxymethylcellulose), guar gum and its derivatives (for example,hydroxypropylguar), gums of microbial origin (for example, xanthan gumand scleroglucan gum), and synthetic thickeners (for example,crosslinked homopolymers of acrylic acid and crosslinked homopolymers ofacrylamidopropanesulfonic acid.

[0356] Generally, these thickeners may be present in an amount rangingfor example from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

[0357] The medium of the composition appropriate for dyeing can be anaqueous medium, optionally comprising at least one cosmeticallyacceptable organic solvent.

[0358] Representative organic solvents may be chosen from alcohols, suchas ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethylalcohol. The organic solvents may also be chosen from glycols (forexample, ethyleneglycol, propyleneglycol, butyleneglycol,dipropyleneglycol, and diethyleneglycol) and ethers of glycols (forexample, monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethyleneglycoland for example monomethyl ether of propyleneglycol and alkyl ethers ofdiethyleneglycol glycol, such as, for example, monoethylether andmonobutylether of diethyleneglycol).

[0359] The organic solvents are generally present in an amount rangingfor example from 0.5% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition, such as from 2% to 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

[0360] The composition according to the invention may further comprisean effective quantity of other agents. For example, agents that arealready known for oxidation coloration, such as various ordinaryadjuvants including sequesterizers such as EDTA and etidronic acid,UV-screening agents, waxes, volatile and nonvolatile, cyclic andnon-cyclic, linear and branched, organomodified (such as by aminegroups) silicones, preservatives, ceramides, pseudoceramides, vegetable,mineral and synthetic oils, vitamins and provitamins such as panthenol,and opacifiers, may be included.

[0361] The composition can also comprise at least one agent chosen fromreducing agents and antioxidants. Representative additional agents mayinclude sodium sulfite, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, sodiumbisulfite, dehydroascorbic acid, hydroquinone, 2-methylhydroquinone,tert-butylhydroquinone and homogentisic acid. Generally, such agents maybe present in the an amount ranging for example from 0.05% to 3.0% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition, such as from0.05% to 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0362] The composition according to the invention may also comprise atleast one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms.Representative fatty alcohols comprising at most twenty carbon atomsthat may be used include lauryl, cetyl, stearyl and oleyl alcohols.These additional fatty alcohols may be present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.001% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.

[0363] One skilled in the art should take care to select said optionallycomplementary compounds, such that the advantageous propertiesintrinsically associated with the dye composition according to theinvention are not, or are not substantially, adversely affected by theadditions envisaged.

[0364] In the composition ready-to-use composition, said at least onecomposition (B) may comprise at least one oxidizing agent chosen, forexample, from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromatesand ferricyanides, and persalts such as perborates and persulfates. Morespecifically, hydrogen peroxide may be used. This oxidizing agent isadvantageously constituted by an oxygenated aqueous solution of whichthe titre may range from 1 to 40 in volume, such as from 5 to 40.

[0365] As an oxidizing agent, at least one oxidation-reduction enzymesuch as laccases, peroxydases and 2-electron oxydoreductases (such asuricase), if necessary in the presence of their respective donor orcofactor, may also be used.

[0366] The pH of the dyeing composition (A) or of the ready-to-usecomposition applied to the keratin fibers [composition resulting fromincluding at least one the dye composition (A) and the oxidizingcomposition (B)], generally ranges from 4 to 12, such as from 6 to 11,and may be adjusted to the desired value by means of at least one agentchosen from acidifying and basifying agents well-known in the art ofdyeing keratin fibers. Representative basifying agents include aqueousammonia, alkali metal carbonates, alkanolamines such as mono-, di- andtriethanolamines and derivatives thereof, hydroxyalkylamines andoxyethylenated and oxypropylenated ethylenediamines, sodium andpotassium hydroxide and compounds of formula (XIV):

[0367] wherein:

[0368] R is a propylene residue optionally substituted with a groupchosen from hydroxyl and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups;

[0369] R₄₂, R₄₃, R₄₄ and R₄₅, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups and C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkylgroups.

[0370] Representative acidifying agents include, classically, by way ofexample, organic and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid,orthophosphoric acid, and carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, citricacid, lactic acid and sulfonic acids.

[0371] One dyeing method according to the invention comprises applyingon dry or wet keratin fibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair, atleast one ready-to-use cosmetic composition, prepared at the time of usefrom at least one compositions (A) and at least one composition (B),leaving said at least one ready-to-use composition on said keratinfibers for a time ranging from 1 to 60 minutes, such as from 10 to 45minutes, rinsing said keratin fibers, optionally shampooing said keratinfibers, rinsing said keratin fibers after said optional shampooing, anddrying said keratin fibers, wherein said at least one ready-to-usecosmetic composition comprises, in a dyeing medium:

[0372] (1) at least one oxidation dye,

[0373] (2) at least one oxidizing agent,

[0374] (3) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbonatoms,

[0375] (4) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprisingat most twenty carbon atoms,

[0376] (5) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLBgreater than 5, and

[0377] (6) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactantwith an HLB at most equal to 5,

[0378] provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportionsuch that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1.

[0379] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities ofingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions,and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understoodas being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly,unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth inthe following specification and attached claims are approximations thatmay vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained bythe present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limitthe application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of theclaims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in lightof the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinaryrounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges andparameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention areapproximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examplesare reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however,inherently contain certain errors necessarily resulting from thestandard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

[0380] Concrete examples illustrating the invention are indicated belowwithout however exhibiting a limiting character.

EXAMPLE

[0381] The following compositions were prepared: Oxidizing composition:Fatty alcohol 2.3 g Oxyethylenated fatty alcohol 0.6 g Fatty amide 0.9 gGlycerin 0.5 g Hydrogen peroxide 7.5 g Perfume qs Demineralized water qs100 g

[0382] Dyeing Composition:

[0383] (expressed in grams) Mixture of C18 to C24 linear alcohols[C18/C20/C22/C24, 3 7/58/30/6] (NAFOL 20-22) Mixture of oxyethylenatedC18 to C24 linear alcohols 1.35 [C18/C20/C22/C24, 7/58/30/6] 30 EO(NAFOLOX 20-22 30EO) Oxyethylenated stearyl alcohol 2 EO 4Oxyethylenated stearyl alcohol 21 EO 2 Oleic acid 2.6 Glycol distearate2 Propylene glycol 5 Monoisopropanolamide of copra acids 2 Aculyn 44sold by the company ROHM & HAAS 1.4 AS* Crosslinked polyacrylic acid 0.6Cationic polymer of formula (W) 3 AS* Merquat 100 sold by the companyCALGON 0.4 AS* Reducing agents 0.7 Seqestrants 0.2 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene(resorcinol) 0.6 1,4-Diaminobenzene 0.5 1-Hydroxy-3-aminobenzene 0.11-Hydroxy-2-aminobenzene 0.05 1-Hydroxy-4-aminobenzene 0.096-Hydroxybenzomorpholine 0.017 1-β-Hydroxyethyloxy-2,4-diaminobenzene,dihydrochloride 0.039 Propylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5 Puremonoethanolamine 1.06 Aqueous ammonia (containing 20.5% of ammonia) 11.1Water qs 100

[0384] The dyeing composition was mixed, at the time of use, in aplastic bowl and for 2 minutes, with the oxidizing composition givenabove, in an amount of 1 part of dyeing composition per 1.5 parts ofoxidizing composition. The mixture obtained was applied to locks ofnatural grey hair which is 90% white and allowed to act for 30 minutes.The locks were then rinsed with water, they were washed with shampoo andagain rinsed with water, and then dried and disentangled. The hair wasthen dyed in an intense light chestnut brown shade.

What is claimed is:
 1. A composition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibres comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable dyeing medium: (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most equal to 1:1.
 2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said keratin fibers are chosen from human keratin fibers.
 3. A composition according to claim 2, wherein said human keratin fibers are chosen from human hair.
 4. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms is chosen from behenyl alcohol and erucyl alcohol.
 5. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms is a mixture of fatty alcohols comprising at least 30% by weight of at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms.
 6. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 7. A composition according to claim 6, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 8. A composition according to claim 7, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 9. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms is present in an amount ranging up to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 10. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB of greater than 5 is chosen from: oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising more than 2 mol of EO, EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio in numerical terms is less than 0.71:1, oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising more than 5 mol of EO, oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising more than 2 mol of EO, esters of fatty acids and of polyethylene glycols, and polyoxyethylenated esters of fatty acids and of sorbitol.
 11. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5 is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight relative the total weight of the composition.
 12. A composition according to claim 11, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5 is present in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 25% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 13. A composition according to claim 12, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5 is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 14. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 is chosen from: oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising at most 2 mol of EO, EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio is greater than 0.71:1, oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising at most 5 mol of EO, and oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising at most 2 mol of EO.
 15. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 is present in an amount ranging from greater than 0% to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 16. A composition according to claim 15, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 is present in an amount ranging from greater than 0% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 17. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxidation dye is chosen from oxidation bases, oxidation couplers, and their acid addition salts.
 18. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxidation dye is chosen from oxidation bases.
 19. A composition according to claim 18, wherein said oxidation bases are chosen from ortho- and para-phenylenediamines, double bases, ortho- and para-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases, and acid addition salts of any of the foregoing.
 20. A composition according to claim 19, wherein said para-phenylenediamines are chosen from compounds of formula (I):

wherein: R₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, phenyl groups, 4′-aminophenyl groups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with at least one group chosen from nitrogen-containing groups, R₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with a nitrogen-containing group; R₁ and R₂ may also form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle ring, optionally substituted with at least one group chosen from alkyl groups, hydroxyl groups and ureido groups; R₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, sulfo groups, carboxyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, hydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyoxy) groups, acetylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, mesylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, and carbamoylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups; and R₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups.
 21. A composition according to claim 20, wherein said R₃ is chlorine.
 22. A composition according to claim 19, wherein said double bases are chosen from compounds of formula (II):

wherein: Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydroxyl groups, and —NH₂ groups, optionally substituted with a group chosen from C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, and linkers Y; linker Y is chosen from linear and branched, divalent alkylene groups comprising from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by, or optionally terminating with, at least one entity chosen from nitrogen-containing groups and heteroatoms, and optionally substituted with at least one group chosen from hydroxyl groups, and C₁-C₆ alkoxy groups; R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and linkers Y; and R₇, R₈, R₉, R10, R₁₁, and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen, linkers Y, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups; provided that said compounds of formula (II) comprise only one linker Y per molecule.
 23. A composition according to claim 22, wherein said heteroatoms are chosen from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen.
 24. A composition according to claim 20, wherein said nitrogen-containing groups are chosen from amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, (C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium and ammonium radicals.
 25. A composition according to claim 22, wherein said nitrogen-containing groups are chosen from amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, (C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium and ammonium radicals.
 26. A composition according to claim 19, wherein said para-aminophenols are chosen from compounds of formula (III):

wherein: R₁₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl), and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, R₁₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, cyano(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups.
 27. A composition according to claim 26, wherein said halogens are fluorine.
 28. A composition according to claim 19, wherein said heterocyclic bases are chosen from pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives, and pyrazole derivatives.
 29. A composition according to claim 18, wherein said oxidation bases are present in an amount ranging from 0.0005% to 12% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 30. A composition according to claim 17, wherein said oxidation couplers are chosen from meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, heterocyclic couplers, and their acid addition salts.
 31. A composition according to claim 17, wherein said oxidation couplers are present in an amount ranging from 0.0001% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 32. A composition according to claim 17, wherein said acid addition salts are chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates, tartrates, lactates, and acetates.
 33. A composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one direct dye.
 34. A composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chain.
 35. A composition according to claim 34, wherein said at least one thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain, nonionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain, and cationic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain.
 36. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain comprises at least one hydrophilic unit and at least one allyl ether unit comprising a fatty chain.
 37. A composition according to claim 36, wherein said at least one hydrophilic unit is chosen from ethylenic unsaturated anionic monomeric residues.
 38. A composition according to claim 37, wherein said ethylenic unsaturated anionic monomeric residues are chosen from residues of vinylcarboxylic acid.
 39. A composition according to claim 36, wherein said at least one allyl ether unit comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from monomeric residues formed from monomers of formula (I): CH₂═C—R′—CH₂—O—B_(n)—R  (1) in which R′ is chosen from H and CH₃, B is an ethyleneoxy group, n is chosen from zero and integers ranging from 1 to 100, R is a hydrocarbon group comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms chosen from alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl and cycloalkyl groups.
 40. A composition according to claim 39, wherein said hydrocarbon group comprises from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
 41. A composition according to claim 40, wherein said hydrocarbon group comprises from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
 42. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain comprise at least one hydrophilic unit of the olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type and at least one hydrophobic unit of the (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type.
 43. A composition according to claim 42, wherein said at least one hydrophilic unit of the olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type is chosen from monomeric residues formed from monomers of formula (II):

wherein R₁ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, and wherein said at least one hydrophobic unit of the (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type is chosen from monomeric residues formed from monomers of formula (III):

wherein R₂ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, and R₃ is chosen from C₁₁-C₃₀ alkyl groups.
 44. A composition according to claim 43, wherein said R₃ is chosen from C₁₂-C₂₂ alkyl groups.
 45. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain are chosen from terpolymers of maleic anhydride/C₃₀-C₃₈ α-olefin/alkyl maleate.
 46. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain are chosen from acrylic terpolymers comprising: (a) a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation (b) a nonsurfactant monomer with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation different from (a); and (c) a nonionic monourethane which is the product of the reaction of a monohydric surfactant with a monoisocyanate with monoethylenic unsaturation.
 47. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain are chosen from copolymers formed from at least two monomers, wherein at least one of said at least two monomers is chosen from a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, an ester of a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, and an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol.
 48. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said nonionic thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from: (1) celluloses modified by at least one group comprising at least one fatty chain; (2) hydroxypropylguars modified by at least one group comprising at least one fatty chain; (3) copolymers formed from vinylpyrrolidone and at least one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain; (4) copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl methacrylate and at least one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain and copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl acrylate and at least one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain; (5) copolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic methacrylate and at least one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain and copolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic acrylate and at least one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain; (6) polyether-polyurethanes comprising in their chain both hydrophilic sequences and hydrophobic sequences; and (7) polymers comprising an aminoplast ether backbone possessing at least one fatty chain.
 49. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said nonionic thickening polymers are chosen from polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least two lipophilic hydrocarbon chains, comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, separated by a hydrophilic sequence, wherein said hydrocarbon chains are chosen from pendant chains and chains at the end of a hydrophilic sequence.
 50. A composition according to claim 48, wherein said nonionic thickening polymers are chosen from polyether-polyurethanes comprising a polyblock sequence.
 51. A composition according to claim 50, wherein said polyether-polyurethanes are in tri-block form.
 52. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said cationic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain are chosen from quaternized cellulose derivatives and polyacrylates comprising noncyclic amine-containing side groups.
 53. A composition according to claim 34, wherein said at least one thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 54. A composition according to claim 53, wherein said at least one thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 55. A composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one reducing agent.
 56. A composition according to claim 55, wherein said at least one reducing agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 57. A ready-to-use cosmetic composition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers, wherein said ready-to-use cosmetic composition is obtained by including at least one composition (A) in a dyeing medium, comprising: (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most equal to 1:1, with at least one composition (B) comprising at least one oxidizing agent.
 58. A composition according to claim 57, wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates, alkali metal ferricyanides, persalts, and oxidation-reduction enzymes.
 59. A composition according to claim 58, wherein said oxidation-reduction enzymes are chosen from laccases, peroxidases, and oxidoreductases comprising 2 electrons.
 60. A composition according to claim 58, wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
 61. A composition according to claim 60, wherein said hydrogen peroxide is present in an oxygenated water solution comprising a titre ranging from 1 to 40 in volume.
 62. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition possesses a pH ranging from 4 to
 12. 63. A composition according to claim 57, wherein said keratin fibers are chosen from human keratin fibers.
 64. A composition according to claim 56, wherein said human keratin fibers are chosen from human hair.
 65. A composition according to claim 57, further comprising at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers and amphoteric polymers, wherein said at least one polymer is present in said at least one composition (A), in said at least one composition (B), or in said at least one composition (A) and said at least one composition (B).
 66. A composition according to claim 65, wherein said at least one polymer is chosen from cationic polymers chosen from quaternary polyammoniums comprising recurring units of formula (W):


67. A composition according to claim 65, wherein said at least one polymer is chosen from cationic polymers chosen from quaternary polyammoniums comprising recurring units of formula (U):


68. A composition according to claim 65, wherein said at least one polymer is chosen from amphoteric polymers chosen from copolymers comprising at least one monomeric residue chosen from acrylic acid residue and a residue of a salt of dimethyldiallylammonium.
 69. A composition according to claim 65, wherein said at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers and amphoteric polymers is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 70. A composition according to claim 69, wherein said at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers and amphoteric polymers is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 71. A composition according to claim 70, wherein said at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers and amphoteric polymers is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 72. A composition according to claim 57 further comprising at least one additional surfactant chosen from anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, wherein said at least one additional surfactant is present in said at least one composition (A), in said at least one composition (B), or in said at least one composition (A) and said at least one compostion (B).
 73. A composition according to claim 72, characterized in that said at least one additional surfactant is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 74. A composition according to claim 73, wherein said at least one additional surfactant is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 75. A composition according to claim 57 further comprising at least one thickening agent chosen from cellulose derivatives, guar derivatives, gums of microbial origin, and synthetic thickeners which do not possess a fatty chain, wherein said at least one thickening agent is present in said at least one composition (A), in said at least one composition (B), or in said at least one composition (A) and said at least one composition (B).
 76. A composition according to claim 75, wherein said at least one thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 77. A method for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers comprising: (a) applying to said keratin fibers at least one composition (A) comprising, in a dyeing medium: (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most equal to 1:1, (b) developing a color with the aid of at least one oxidizing composition (B) comprising at least one oxidizing agent, wherein said at least one oxidizing composition (B) is combined at the time of use with said at least one composition (A) or said at least one oxidizing composition (B) is applied sequentially to said at least one composition (A) without intermediate rinsing.
 78. A method according to claim 77, wherein said keratin fibers are chosen from human keratin fibers.
 79. A method according to claim 78, wherein said human keratin fibers are human hair.
 80. A multicompartment device or kit for dyeing of keratinous fibres comprising at least two compartments wherein: a first compartment comprises (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most equal to 1:1, and a second compartment comprises at least one oxidizing agent.
 81. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms is chosen from linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols comprising at most twenty carbon atoms.
 82. A composition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers are chosen from copolymers formed from at least three monomers, wherein at least one of said at least three monomers is chosen from a carboxylic acid with a,-monoethylenic unsaturation, at least one of said at least three monomers is chosen from an ester of a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, and at least one of said at least three monomers is chosen from an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol. 